Construction of ships.



e. v. MONTARULI.

CONSTRUCTION OF SHIPS.

APPLICATION HLED JUNE 26, I918- Patented Feb. 25, 1919.

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APPLICATION FILED 1UNE26, 191B.

Patented Feb. 25, 1919.

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APPUCATION HLED JUNE ZG i918- I 1,295,786. Patented Feb. 25, 1919.

I 3 $HEETS$HEET 3- umTEnsTAT s PATENT our-Ion.-

YGIUSEPPE vrrULLI MONTARULI, or "ROME, ITALY.

consrnucrronor SHIPS.

To all'whom'z't may concern." I

Be it known that I," GIUsErrn VITUILI MONTARULI, a subject ofthe Kingof; Italy, and residing at 29 Via Brescia,: Rome, Italy, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements Win" the Construction of Ships, ofwhich the following is a specification. .v

w The invention relates, to the construction of ships and} its object isa new system of hull construction adapted] to provide a standard type ofmerchant vessel, this object beingattained with'aid of"a structurewherein a central body member iswcombined with two lateral compartmentswhich form projections in theshape'ofsaddles or hips 011, the centralmember and extend along the. vessel-for a certain length thereof.

According to the invention, the central body member orinner hull isshaped so that it may be simple and cheap construction and for thispurpose it has preferably a tubular shape of circular crosssection,which also provides a greateron ganic resistance of the structurewithout any increase of material.

The lateral compartments which form containers for water ballast or forliquid or semiliquid cargoes, are intended to secure a great stabllityof the ship, as they increase the area of the water line surface andtherefore the moment of inertia'of this area, on' which the metacentric'height vdepends, and as these compartments mean integral portion of theship structure, they assist also 'in increasing its organic resistanceor, with an equal resistance, in diminishing the hull weight, becausethey form a series of reinforcements in that gpart of the vessel wherein the ordinary construction the stringer plates and sheerstrakes arelocated. And as they are membersof the girder, it may be said that theirstructure represents stringer plates and sheerstra'kes which are moredistant from the neutral fiber than the usual ones, so that they assistmore largely in increasing the organic resistance.

In order that the features of the invention may be more readilyunderstood, the same will hereafter be described in one of itsconstructional forms with reference to the annexed drawings, in which-Figures 1-1" is a schematical'longitudinal outside view of the ship,

srq i q nv t n V Patented Feb. 25, 1919. A plication filed June 26,1918. Serial No. 242,057.

' FigsfQ-Q is a plan view with the .deck removed, a I

Figs. 3 3 is section, i

I Fig; 4 'isya midship section and Fig, 5 is a geometrical drawing ofthe shape of the bowand stern parts.

' The ship isconstruc-ted with the aid of a plurality of Z bars 1 bentinto rings and these' rings form the frames of the ship and their-numbervaries in accordance with the {length of "the ship. The rings 1 servetobuild up the central part of the ship while forward and aft they arereplaced by frameswhich are boundedbystraight lines at the sides'andbycurves. above and below and these curves gradually diminish in widthuntil the frames are reduced to a straight line along the-stern-and bowstems. In Fig. 5, A shows the molding of a frame of the central part ofthe ship and B, C, D, E and F the shape of the successive frames forwardand aft. -V

The ship is quite symmetrical and both its bow and stern ends are in theshape of a flute" beak, i. 6. they form a conical surface whose vertexis a straight line" (bow and stern stem) and not a point, r The circularframes 1 are interconnected by stringers 2 .(rectilinear eneratrixes)made of Z bars. "011 the Z bars 1 and2 are riveted plates?) which arebent so as to have circular cross section and at the bow andstern endsare. partly rectilinear, so'asto fit snugly onthe framework, and theysurround the whole hull and leave openings only for the hatchways 4: inthe top part. v Z

The hull member will be dividedby bu1k-' heads 5 into intercommunicatingwatertight compartmentsso as to obtain theseverallholds, the machine andboiler rooms,

a schematical longitudinal the coal bunkers and the bow and stern becarried out on a sea-shore and when they have been completed,the hull isready to be launched, for which purpose all the openings are closedand'the hull can be made to roll on beams down the shore into 7 thewater. The hull willhere be immersed 1'30 to about one third of itsdiameter bysuitably ballasting it, which will also prevent dangerousmovements during the operations now to be carried out on the hull.

The more important of these successive operations is to apply thelateral compartments which, under full load, will generally be immersedfor more than ten feet and they will extend along a certain length ofthe hull, s0 as to protect it efficiently against torpedoes a'nd minesand to localize damages produced therelby, in combination with thetransverse subdivision of the hull.

The lateral compartments are constructed by aid of frames-6 of Z'barsand of stringers l0and are covered with plates 11. The outer halves ofthe frameswhich form the hipped or lateral compartments, aresubstantially in-the-shape of a semi-circle, while'the inner halvesengage the main body of the hull and are concave soasto follow itsoutline. The lateral compartments form separate tanks and are alsosubdivided into water-tight compartments; They will be provided withtightly closed hatches 7 and they may be used for water ballast orforthe transportation of liquid and semi-liquid goods and the whole shipmay thus carry simultaneously or alternately solid and liquid cargoes inthe hull member and the lateral compartments respectively.

It is evident that in view of their. special curvature all the principalparts of the frame work and of the plating are equal to,and'interchangeable between, each other, so as to permit to standardizenot only the type of: ship as awhole but also its variousmembersfsingularly,-and these'members may not only be constructed inseries, but the plates may also be cast or drawn integrally with thestringers, whereby the riveting work will be greatly diminished, and thecentral part or hull member may bebuilt up of tubular segments Withoutthe use of frames or stringers.

When the lateral compartments have been arrangedv on the inner hullmember, the ship will be further equipped in any usualor'desired way.

VVhati I claim is:

1. A shiphaving curved transverse frames Copies of this-pa-tent may beobtainedior five throughout the waist of the ship, the outboard portionsof said frames having straight sections the length of whichprogressively increase toward the stem and stern thereby giving the endsof the ship the shape" of'a flute beak.

2. A ship having a plurality of transverse frames, the frames throughoutthe waist of the. ship beingo curved and the frames upon the oppositeends of said waist having their outboard portions. straight? the lengthof which progressively increases toward the stem and: sterntherebygiving the ends of theship the shape of 'a flute beak, andplatessecured. to the transverse frames and conforming, to the shape thereof.

3. A ship having aplurality of transverse frames, the frames-throughoutthe waist of the-ship beinggcircular and the frames upon theopposite-ends of said-waisthaving their outboard portions straight thelength of which' progressivelyv increases toward the stem and stern.thereby giving; the ends of p the ship the shape of a flute beak, platessecured to the transverse frames and conforming tothershap'e thereof,and lateral compartments arranged upon the opposite sides of thewaistof' the ship and secured-thereto.-

4. A ship havingIa plurality of transverse frames, the frames throughoutthe waist of the ship being circular and the frames upon the oppositeends of said waist having their outboard; portions straight the lengthof which: progressively increases toward the stemand stern therebygiving the ends of the ship the shape of a flute-beak, plates'secured tothe transverse framesa'nd conforming to the shape thereof, and lateralcompartments arranged upon the opposite sides ofthe waist: of the shipand secured thereto, said lateral compartments havingl outer convexsidesand inner concave sides conform ing to the curvature of'said;waist.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name inthe presence of twosubscribing wit nesses the 25th day, of May 1918;

GIUASEIPPRV'ITULLI MONTARULI.

Witnesses:

EDWIN GERIo, VALENTINI ATT1LI0.-

cents each,,by addressing the Commissioner of Patentsi Washington, D20."

